It should be noted that in the 1970s, the fretless electric bass was instrumental in the development of new approaches to the bass, such as harmonics and glissando (slide). While the types of bass lines vary widely from one style of music to the next, the function of the bass, which is to anchor the harmonic framework and keep the beat, is the same in most types of music. Since the 1960s, the bass guitar has largely replaced the double bass in most styles of music including rock, metal, pop, fusion, Latin, funk, punk, country, reggae, blues, and jazz. The electric bass guitar, which generally has a solid wood body and therefore very little resonance, is plugged into an amplifier and speaker(s) to supply dynamic volume. Like the double bass, the electric bass guitar is a transposing instrument, which sounds one octave higher than it is notated in the bass clef. The electric bass may be played with a plectrum ( pick), or with the fingers or thumb so as to slap, pop, tap or thump. This tuning corresponds to the strings 6, 5, 4 and 3 of a guitar, one octave lower. The four-string electric bass is still the most common electric bass and is usually tuned the same as the double bass: E, A, D, and G. The electric bass is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four, five, six, or eight strings. This avoids excessive higher ledger lines. The double bass is a transposing instrument and sounds one octave lower than notated in the bass clef. This narrower top area of the double bass facilitates playing the strings in higher registers. The double bass has sloped tapered shoulders, which separates it from the other members of the violin family. When playing the double bass, the bassist either stands or sits on a high stool and leans the instrument against their body with the bass turned slightly inwards in order to more easily reach the strings. When the double bass is used in other genres such as blues and rockabilly, the bass is plucked. In jazz, pizzicato is the norm, except for some solos and occasional written parts that call for bowing. In classical orchestral music, both arco and pizzicato are used. Like many other orchestral string instruments, the double bass is played either with a bow ( arco) or by plucking the strings ( pizzicato) with the fingers. And even though it is traditionally aligned with the violin family, it is uncertain whether the instrument is a descendant of the viola da gamba or of the violin. While the double bass is nearly identical in construction to other violin family instruments, it also embodies features found in the older viol family. A person who plays the double bass is usually referred to as a bassist.Īs was said, the double bass is an integral member of the string section of the modern symphony orchestra, however, it is also used in other genres such as jazz, blues, rock, rockabilly, country, bluegrass, tango and many types of folk music. The double bass is about six feet tall from scroll to endpin and is typically constructed from several types of wood, including maple for the back, spruce for the top, and ebony for the fingerboard. This method of tuning is known as standard tuning. It traditionally has four strings usually tuned E, A, D and G, from the thick string 4 to the thin string 1. The double bass, also called the string bass, upright bass, bass fiddle, bass violin, contrabass, stand-up bass or doghouse bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the Western classical music symphony orchestra.
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